Here's a study showing relative impact on the environment by income distribution in Canada. a couple of quick notes, the highest income 10% has an impact 2.5 times the lowest income 10%.
http://www.policyalternatives.ca/doc..._By_Income.pdf
The lowest income 10 % has 3 times the average impact in China.
Canada has among the highest ecological impacts in the world. At 7.6 hectares per capita, Canada’s ecological footprint is the third largest in the world — tied with Finland and following the United States and the United Arab Emirates as the worst offenders.
Perhaps we should be looking at a per capita/per income method of paying for global warming and other environmental impacts. The other aspect is sectoral impacts with large energy-resource using industry in a category by itself.